Stuff You Should Know - Selects: The Tulsa 'Race Riots'

Episode Date: July 27, 2024

In reality, the Tulsa "race riots" of 1921 was more like a massacre. Yet it was almost lost to history until 1997, and still not widely known outside of Oklahoma until HBO's The Watchmen put it on the cultural map. Learn all about this dark chapter in American history in this classic episode.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

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or wherever you get your podcasts. Well, Bowen, the Olympics are underway. It's useless to talk about it as a thing that's happening in the future when it's happening in the present. And what's happening now is our podcast, Two Guys, Five Rings, is a phenomenon. Two Guys, Five Rings is a phenomenon. Two Guys, Five Rings, Matt Bowen and the Olympics.

Follow the show on the iHeartRadio app, Apple podcast or your favorite podcast platform and watch and listen to every moment of the 2024 Paris Olympic Games now through August 11th on NBC and Peacock and for the first time ever on the iHeartRadio app. Hey everybody, it's me Josh and for this week's Select I've chosen our January 2020 episode on the Tulsa Massacre. It's such a vile event that it left a stain that spread out of Tulsa and even out of Oklahoma

to become a blemish on the history of the entire US. And it's a lesson in how important it is to talk about the past, even the worst of the past, to move forward to heal. It's also a lesson on how you just can't bury the past no matter how hard you try. Hope you get a lot out of this episode. Welcome to Stuff You Should Know, a production of iHeartRadio. Hey, and welcome to the podcast.

I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles W. Chuck Bryan over there. There's Jerry over here. We have all come together in the year 2020 to wear our silver jumpsuits, as always. I know, right? And talk about a buried, overlooked blemish in the history of the United States. Are we not going to recount anything about this past year? No.

Talk about this being the first recording of the new year? Nope. All right. We've had a break here. I said no. I'm going to push forward. We've been off for a couple of weeks, which was pretty glorious to not have to just overtext my brain, but it was also nice to get back in here to the stank of this room.

This room, I don't think this room stinks. Well, right now it smells like your caramel vanilla frappalope. This is just black coffee. This just happens to be flavored black coffee. It's really, I mean it smells great. I think a Green Mountain or something caramel vanilla coffee pod. Man, it is super fragrant. Yeah. It's nice.

In a great way. It smells like an ice cream sundae. It's pleasant. It is very pleasant. But it's not doing the job. Like I'm still, I'm a little tired, a little groggy. You know, I had a four shot latte earlier. Oh yeah.

And so I'm kind of... ... gotcha. Maybe that's what I need. I'm zippy. You can go downstairs to, I know you don't like to pay for coffee But yeah go downstairs to Spiller Park. Okay, Hugh Atchison's place a four-shot latte Yes, okay that that has me going. Well, I give it about half hour before Chuck crashes everybody

Yeah, seriously. Anyway, I'm glad to be back Well, I'm glad you're back to. You know where I've been here the whole time. This is where you spent Christmas and New Year's? Yes, both. In this room. And Thanksgiving. And I guess you, me and Momo slept over there in the corner. They come to visit sometimes. They say, please, please come on.

Please stop working. I say, I can't. They slide the food tray through the slot. You know where I got this idea, and I know you haven't watched it, but I'm sure you have. I'm sure you have. I'm sure you have. I'm sure you have.

I'm sure you have. I'm sure you have. I'm sure you have. I'm sure you have. I'm sure you have. I'm sure you have. I'm sure you have. I'm sure you have. I'm please stop working. I say, I can't. They slide the food tray through the slot. You know where I got this idea, and I know you haven't watched it, but the Watchmen.

I came across mention of that. I was like, why is everybody talking about the Watchmen with the Tulsa race riot? Or more appropriately, why is everyone all of a sudden talking about the Tulsa massacre? Yeah, yeah. Because the Watchmen really put it on the map in a big way. Yeah, that's great. Utilized it quite well in the storyline.

And I have a recommendation for everyone, even though it is a marketing piece. There's a thing in the Atlantic called the Massacre of Black Wall Street paid for by HBO. But it tells the story in comic book form. In the Atlantic. Uh-huh, it's very cool. Very cool. And I didn't notice it was a marketing piece until afterward, but I'm like, oh well, it's still good.

Sure. As long as the content's good. Yeah, it's cool and very well done. So this is like, it's great that the Watchmen have brought attention to this. Yeah. Because it wasn't until about 2001, maybe the late 90s really, that people started talking about this.

I know. And this event that we're going to talk about happened in 1921. Yeah. And almost the week after, basically the week after, everyone said, don't talk about this. Yeah. Just forget it ever happened. We're just moving forward and we're gonna bury the past.

Literally buried people, the evidence, all the stuff that was buried. And people just acted like nothing happened in Tulsa, Oklahoma for like 80 years. And when you hear what we're about to talk about, it's astounding that the community, both black and white, agreed to just basically pretend this never happened, at least publicly or civically.

Yeah. And it's hard to find some information still on some of the key events and definitely some of the key players. Yeah, because a lot of them died of old age without ever having been interviewed. Yeah, no follow-ups. Like, I mean, we'll get to it, but a couple of the most key players is like, this is kind of all we know.

Right, I looked them up too and I was like, what do you mean you have no idea even who this guy was, let alone what became of him? What do you mean? Like, you just, no one kept track? But that's how complete and total this coverup was. It was a coverup. So let's talk about it.

First, let's talk about Greenwood, which I was not familiar with, but Greenwood was an affluent, I guess almost suburb, adjacent to Tulsa, just north of Tulsa. And what was odd about the fact that it was affluent is that it was an all-black community in the turn of the last century. And yet it was one of the most affluent communities in the entire United States. Yeah, I mean, now it's just part of Tulsa, like a neighborhood, but back then, just sort of like

my neighborhood would have been a suburb of Atlanta in the 1920s, even though I'm, you know, five miles from downtown. Right, exactly. But in 1921, it was, like you said, super affluent. They had a lot of, I think there were 10,000 black residents there. It was called the Black Wall Street, like I mentioned. And 600 businesses, there were 15 African-American millionaires living in this district.

Yeah. 15 black millionaires in 1921 in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Yeah, and it wasn't, I mean, like the whole area was very well to do. There was like indoor plumbing. The public schools there were like top notch. Yeah. And in many cases, Greenwood had a lot to boast about that like the white areas in Tulsa just over the railroad tracks, literally on the other side of the

tracks, didn't have. Like this is far better off than some parts of white Tulsa. Yeah, including one of the top African-American surgeons, if not the top in the country, endorsed by Dr. Mayo himself. The Mayo brothers. Yeah, this guy was Dr. AC Jackson, and he was one of the people murdered in this massacre. Yeah. I was going to say it was a spoiler, but I guess we've already kind of mentioned there's a massacre coming, right? Yeah. So just to take a step back even further.

So it's pretty impressive to think of like, this is the Jim Crow era United States. Yes. This is, we're talking about, you know, this massacre took place in 1921. That's, you know, 50 years after the end of the Civil War. In many ways, the Jim Crow era was just as bad as the antebellum slavery era.

But so the idea to us today, looking back at this time of well, there's a black community in Oklahoma that was one of the most affluent areas in the country. It's kind of mind boggling, but if you dig even deeper into how it was formed, it almost, you develop like a sense of pride in this, that these people came together under these conditions, and not only like survived, but like thrived,

and created, carved out a place for themselves, where like being black was celebrated, and where you could be proud, and you took pride, in you took pride in your home, in your children, in your children's education, in the healthcare that they were getting, in the bus service, in the quality of the theater that you went to, the confectionary, the soda fountain, that's where you went to go propose marriage.

There was this incredibly developed community and one of the ways that it was able to flourish, it was able to kind of grow like this, is because the first thing that Oklahoma did when it became a state, remember it was originally a territory for forced relocation of Native Americans and their African slaves to this area.

When it became a state, when white settlers came in and said, no, we want this instead. We're going to take this territory we gave you away and turn it into a state. The first piece of legislation they passed was that black people have to stay in their own area. They can't marry outside of their race.

They can't frequent white owned businesses. They have to stay over here. And so the people of Greenwood said, fine with us, we're going to pass a covenant that says you have to be a black person to own land here or to even rent a place here, to own a business here. There's a, it's a covenant-restricted community. And we're going to take a tremendous amount of pride

in circulating our currency, our hard earned money that we're making by working for these white businesses that we're not allowed to patronize. We're going to go make our own businesses over here and we're going to support them with our community. Not only because we can't spend our money elsewhere, but because we have a lot of pride in the businesses that we've built over here.

And so in this way, Greenwood flourished because of and in spite of these Jim Crow era laws that black people had to deal with in Oklahoma at the time. Yeah, and this was Dave Ruse helped put this together. And some of the research he got was from the book, The Burning Colon, Massacre, Destruction, and the Tulsa Race Riot of 1921 by Tim Madigan. And very astutely points out that this was, this happened in Oklahoma, of course, but this kind of thing was happening all over the country, not just in the south or the whatever you call Oklahoma, I guess the west.

Midwest? Yeah, but not Midwest. I don't know. I think you just call it Oklahoma. It's interesting. Some people there identify with the South, but if you're from Georgia, Oklahoma. It's not the South. Might as well be, you know, Montana. I think of Oklahoma as like Native America.

Yeah. Isn't that what it says on the license plate? Maybe. It says middle of the country with an O with a little apostrophe. Right. And there's a picture of the country with an O with a little apostrophe. And there's a picture of the Mountain Dew logo on it. But this was happening everywhere. In 1919, there were two dozen race riots in places like Chicago, Washington, D.C., St. Louis.

And between the end of the Civil War and World War II, there were more than 4,000 lynchings in the United States. Right. Which is, you know, it's important to point that out because what, and we'll get into the story here, but a lynching is what was the aim of the white people of Oklahoma on this night. Right. But I have seen also, one of the reasons why I went to so much lengths to explain Greenwood,

in part was to show what was lost here. But also to show there are a lot of people who consider this massacre to have been carried out or fueled in part by envy. Right. Because the people of Greenwood were so much better off in some instances than the white people who were carrying out this massacre. All right, maybe we should take a break. No. And then we'll come back.

Oh man, we gotta start 2020 with an argument over a break. Yeah, let's do it. All right, let's take a break. We'll come back and talk a little bit about the beginnings of what would end up being the Tulsa Massacre. living with an autoimmune condition, the emotional toll is as real as the physical symptoms. Starting this May, join host, Martine Hackett, for season 3 of Untold Stories, Life with a Severe Autoimmune Condition, a Ruby Studio Production, and Partnership with Argenics.

From myasthenia gravis, or MG, to chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, also known as CIDP, Untold Stories highlights the realities of navigating life with these conditions, from challenges to triumphs. This season, Martina and her guests discuss the range of emotions that accompany each stage of the journey. Whether it's the anxiety of misdiagnosis

or the relief of finding support in community, nothing is off limits. And while each story is unique, the hope they inspire is shared by all. Listen to Untold Stories, Life with a Severe Autoimmune Condition on the iHeart radio app, Apple podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Well, no one, the Olympics are underway. It's useless to talk about it as a thing that's happening in the future when it's

happening in the present. It's happening now. And what's happening now is our podcast, Two Guys, Five Rings, is a phenomenon. And while real medals are being handed out in Paris, we're giving out our fake medals here. Two Guys, Five Rings, Matt Bowen, and the Olympics. Who are we watching this Olympic Games? I mean, I'm watching Simone Biles. I'm watching her go higher and higher and higher with every bounce. Sha'Carri's about to run faster than you or I or anyone has ever seen. I'm rooting for the girls and the boys and everybody under the Seine River.

Under the Seine, over the Seine, within the waters of the sand, all of them. Follow the show on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or your favorite podcast platform and watch and listen to every moment of the 2024 Paris Olympic Games now through August 11th on NBC and Peacock and for the first time ever on the iHeartRadio app. Welcome to Good Game with Sarah Spain, your one-stop shop for the biggest stories in women's sports. Every day I'm bringing you the stakes, stats, stars and stories to keep you up to date. If you're new to women's sports, welcome.

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fun. Listen to Good Game with Sarah Spain on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Welcome to the CINO Show. I'm your host, CINO McFarlane. I'm an addiction specialist. I'm a coach, I'm a translator, and I'm God's middle man. My job is to crack hearts and let the light in and help everyone shift the narrative. Whether you get down to sex, drugs, alcohol, love addiction, self-hate, codependency, or anything else of that matter, I want to help you wake up and I want to help you get free.

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One of the greatest names I've ever heard in my life. It's pretty good. He was a shoeshine boy in Tulsa. And by all accounts, he was smart and he was a handsome young guy. And he was sort of a man about town. He was popular with the ladies. Had the world on a string. Yeah, pretty much.

And there was a girl named Sarah Page who ran an elevator at the Drexel building, a building that I have walked past with my own two feet. Oh, wow. Right? And she was white. She was white. And, you know, Dick thought she was cute and he would go down there and basically kind of make up excuses to ride her elevator. Okay. I saw something different than that.

Oh, yeah? I saw that he was on the elevator because he could use the segregated bathroom on the top floor of the Drexel Building only. So he had to ride up the elevator up and down to get to the bathroom, the closest bathroom for him to be able to use. That's what I saw. So you're saying he didn't fancy Sarah Page at all? I don't know. I don't know. But I also saw a different explanation for why he would have been on the elevator

as often as he supposedly was. Maybe it was both. Yeah. Maybe he went to the bathroom a little more often than he had to because he did think Sarah Page was cute. Who knows? I'm not saying they necessarily contradict each other. I'm just saying I've seen other explanations as well.

I got you. That sounded very lawyerly for some reason, didn't it? Maybe this is the new you in 2020. Matlock? Josh Clark Esquire. Esprit. That's different than Esquire. So at any rate, we should probably also point out that,

and you know, mixed race couples still get sideways looks in some parts of America today. But certainly in 1921 in Tulsa, Oklahoma, the idea of a black man fancying a white woman was... Even looking at a white woman. Yeah. It was not only untoward, but like a threat worthy of a lynching. It was still that time in America where if you made any advances, that was sort of the biggest fear for some white men was black men coming in and taking quote unquote

their women. Yeah, which was characterized or popularized thanks to Birth of a Nation, which depicts the Klan coming to the aid of white women who were about to be raped by maniacal black men who just couldn't help themselves. They were just so in love of white women who were about to be raped by maniacal black men who just couldn't help themselves. They were just so in love with white women that they just had to rape. That was just what black guys did. That was the view of black guys at the time.

Yeah. That's just how it was. So to white people, you kept an eye out for that. Like when you saw a black man and there was a white woman over there, you wanted to make sure that he wasn't going to rape her. That was the mentality

that people were walking around with back then. Yeah, that movie was actually partially shot in my old neighborhood in LA. You have a lot to do with this episode. Well, it's just weird to think about Birth of a Nation, being shot in Los Feliz, which is this very like kind of hip community on the east side of Hollywood.

But anyway, on May 30th, 1921, Dick Rowland went into that elevator to either flirt or use the restroom or both. And what I saw was that it was well known that the third floor landing did not land flush with the threshold. And supposedly this is why, as the story goes, Dick Rowland tripped when he was getting onto the elevator. So maybe if that bathroom was on the third floor, that could make sense. I heard top floor.

I don't know how many floors the doctor tripped. I don't remember actually. Is it more than three? I don't know. I don't know how many floors the ducts could be. I don't remember actually. Is it more than three? I don't know. I don't remember actually. I don't think they call a building the something building if it only has three floors. You know what I mean? You're probably right. That's like an eight plus floor like moniker.

I think you're probably right. But at any rate, he gets on the elevator as the story goes, stumbles getting on, and kind of falls forward and grabs her arm, which was kind of the first thing that he could get a hold of to keep from falling. As the story goes, she started beating him over the head with her purse, because I guess it's an old Looney Tunes cartoon, and she didn't have a rolling pin. And the elevator opened on the ground floor. People see this sort of scuffle going on or what appears to be a scuffle.

She allegedly cries out that she had been assaulted. And people on the first floor call the police as Dick flees on foot. Right. Just takes off. Yeah, and you know, no one knows exactly how this all went down. No one even knows exactly who Diamond Dick Rowland was. Or Sarah Page, for that matter. Isn't that bizarre? Yeah, all we found out was that she was an orphan.

She could have been as young as 16. I've seen reports of 17. And was working to pay her way through business college. That's what the Tulsa Tribune reported like the day after. Yeah, and I saw that elsewhere, but I also saw like literally nothing else about her. I couldn't find anything. And then Dick Rowland, they think that he might have possibly been named Jimmy Jones. Right, I saw that too.

And who was raised by his grandparents, whose last name was Rowland, so he took their name. And there is a guy who would have matched his birth date, named Jimmy Jones that they found buried in Tulsa, but he died like two months before these events took place, so it couldn't have possibly been him. Yeah, they were a few years apart too, I think, right? Oh, was it? Yeah.

Okay. But it's unbelievable that so much of this is lost to history. Yeah, these two people who set off this, one of the most despicable events that has ever taken place in this country's history just vanish almost after this point. It's just you guys played your role now. Everyone else is going to step in. So, Dick goes home.

His mom, I guess he tells his mom what happened. And she obviously was pretty scared right away because she knew probably what this meant. But for that night at least, nothing really happened. The next day he goes out to meet up with some friends and the Tulsa police pull up and take him in basically on an assault charge. Right. Which is, I don't know why they didn't go pick him up at home or whatever, but they I also read somewhere that they had arrested him on the spot, but the what you're you're recounting matches what I've seen most.

Right. Right. Yeah. But that's that's history, especially suppressed history, right? One person writes it and then somebody else reports it and then enough people report it and then that's fact. Exactly. That's the story. But, so either way, he came into police custody. We know that is the way it is. And then this is like a white sheriff named William Sullivan, I think, right? William McCullough. McCullough. I was very close.

Yeah. When you're starting to read the story, you hear about this, you know, white mustache sheriff and immediately think, oh boy about this, you know, white mustache sheriff and immediately think, oh, boy, this guy's in trouble. Well, this guy had replaced the last guy that you were thinking of. Who was trouble. Right. Yeah. Who had allowed a white mob to take an arrested black man out of his custody and lynch him.

Oh, it says here it was a white person. Is that not true? I think that's wrong. Oh, okay. Either way, he let somebody be lynched by an angry mob. Yeah, which I thought for sure Sheriff McCullough was going to do, but apparently McCullough was intent on kind of going by the book. He followed the Hechtate school of sheriffing.

How do you know what that means? From To Kill a Mockingbird. Oh, right, right. Which was, hey, let's let the law play out. Let's give him a stay in court. There will be no lynchings on my watch. Right. So he took Diamond Dick up to a room on an upper floor.

The only way to get there was this one staircase. So he basically strategically hit him out, went down to this white crowd and said, there's not gonna be any lynching today like Chuck said. The thing is, we've left out a really important point here. Yeah, like why was there a white crowd to begin with? Right. Yeah. There is a newspaper that was called the Tulsa Tribune that ran an article about Sarah Page being assaulted. an article about Sarah Page being assaulted. This is a news article. And the headline for said news article

was NABbed Negro for Attacking Girl in Elevator. Not people might NAB Negro for attacking girl in elevator. Police worried white mob might NAB. It's NAB, like go do this. That was the headline for the article. The editorial took it even a step further. And this is the day after this event took place. Yeah, the editorial was to lynch Negro tonight.

And I got to say, whoever's writing these headlines, it's inflammatory, of course, but they also don't make much sense. Yeah, they're of poor construction. They're of very poor construction. And I went to try and find the microfilm of this, and I think the first one is available but blurry. The second one, the only copy of that paper they have is a front page with an article cut out that's scanned in and everyone's like, this must have been that editorial. But I literally couldn't find any, you know, because I was kind of curious to read just how poor of a writer this person was.

Right. And get, you know, probably what would not have been accurate details. No, no. So, no, I mean, they basically reported in the first one, in the actual article, that her clothes had been torn at. Yeah, not true. They really characterized it like he attacked her. Like a sexual assault. Right, exactly.

And then the second one is just basically like an all-out editorial calling for Dick Rowland's lynching. Yeah. This is in the paper. So the local newspaper has inflamed the white citizenry into basically calling them to action to go do something about this. And they all show up at the courthouse to demand that Sheriff McCullough

hand over Dick Rowland to them so they can go lynch him. And he says, no, back off, no. But so before, I think he tells him, like, no, I'm not doing that, like you said. But before the crowd disperses, a second group comes, and it's actually a group of World War I veterans from Greenwood who had found out that this white mob was going to lynch Dick Rolland and they were

like, no, no, they're not. We're going to go see to it that doesn't happen. Yeah. I mean, there were hundreds of WW1 veterans, black veterans in Greenwood. They were people who fought for this country and it's sort of that familiar despicable story. Shed blood on European soil, come back home to America and you're still a second-class citizen. They had petitioned to, and this is just sort of a

sidebar, they had petitioned to walk in the Memorial Day Parade for many years and were always refused. And May 30th was Memorial Day and that same year they had once again said, can we participate in the Memorial Day Parade as veterans? And they said, no, we're only going to honor the white veterans. No, I think they wanted to be integrated in the parade with the white veterans just as World War I veterans marched together and they said, no, whites only, you can march by yourselves.

Oh, really? And when they did march, they were taunted and jeered at. Oh, gotcha. By the people who were watching the parade. So these are the people that got guns and came down there and said, not on our watch. We're not going to let this happen. And it kind of plays out as a film, you know, from the sounds of it, is like these cars pull in and part the crowd and these black veterans get out with their guns and they're like, no, you're not taking this kid, this is not going to happen. Right.

So apparently Sheriff McCullough was able to convince the Greenwood World War I veterans who showed up that he wasn't going to hand over Dick Roll and that he's going to protect Dick Roll and they should probably just go, he's going to get rid of this white crowd too, but don't worry, I'm not like the old sheriff. There's about 75 armed men. Yeah. Just to drive it home, like how many people? I read that there were, I saw thousands somewhere.

Of white people. Of white people at the courthouse. Like it was just this calling for a lynching. Yeah, they were heavily outmanned. Yeah. there was just this calling for a lynching. Yeah, it was, they were heavily outmanned. Yeah, but 75, the 75 black veterans showed up in the midst of this. Let's even say it's just a thousand. Let's even say it's like 500 people calling for a lynching.

And your 75 black men showing up armed saying like, no, it's not happening. Just pretty courageous stuff, right? Yeah. So before they can leave or as they're leaving, it's actually not clear. What this event's name gets its name from happens, what you would call a race riot. Yeah, I mean, it looked like it might have been on the way to being a scene that the sheriff managed successfully. They might have been on the way out. That white crowd might have dispersed if not for this one incident.

And even if we did know, you know, just beat by beat the history of this, you still wouldn't be able to say what would have happened. Yeah, exactly. But that is a possible outcome. There was an older white man who demanded that one of these black veterans give him his gun. And the black veteran said, no, I'm not going to do that. And the old white man went to go grab it. And the gun went off and both sides just started shooting at one another. Yeah, that's what triggered it.

It was chaos. It was a hail of bullets, people on both sides just started dropping dead from the bullets flying, and it became a full-on war scene basically for the next couple of days. Right. Okay. So at that point, the black veterans are like, we really should get out of here. They leave.

Toward Greenwood. Toward Greenwood. Toward Greenwood, which is their home. They're going back to their homes. And along the way, some of them kind of drop back and stake out positions and start sniping at the white rioters who are coming after them. And at that point, they go further back into Greenwood. And by this time, it's like the early morning hours of, I believe, June 1st, right?

I don't think it was the early morning at that point. It was like midnight, I mean. Like midnight one, something like that. Yeah, yeah. It's during the nighttime. And this is when the white people started breaking into the hardware stores and looting businesses to get weapons. Yeah, because here's the thing. So that's Sheriff McCullough, who you're kind of like, oh, okay, as far as like this whole story goes, that's not so bad.

Like he at least tried. Now, the moment this race riot happened and the black veterans took off back for Greenwood, he started deputizing white rioters, handing out guns and ammunition, and basically saying, go get them. Go get those guys. And rather than saying, like, this is not your job, this is my responsibility, y'all go home, I'm going to go handle this, he enlisted the help of these

people who were involved in this riot on the white side. And at that point, any semblance of what you would call a race riot ended and what became a revenge massacre just started. So people call this the Tulsa race riot, and I think maybe a tenth of it qualifies as a race riot and the rest, it just should be called the Tulsa Massacre. Yeah.

So, what happens is, like you said, some of these veterans get staked out in strategic positions on rooftops and behind houses, behind cars. The white army, for lack of a better word, is advancing into Greenwood. They start setting fires at these strategic locations to flush out these snipers and then they just start burning everything basically. Setting fire to every house and every business to burn down Greenwood. Well, I think also about for about the five or about four or five hours from the time where they managed to flush the snipers out until about five in the morning.

They were quietly taking up positions inside Greenwood. And then a whistle blew at about five a.m. and all of them just came out from their positions and then they just went berserk. It was a charge, a full on military charge. A coordinated assault on Greenwood. And so this assault involved driving people out of their homes at gunpoint,

any resistance that people were shot on sight. Apparently there were people who were shot, who weren't offering resistance. There was a story about an elderly couple who were kneeling in their house praying, and they were both executed by these white mobsters in their homes. People were burned alive, houses and people doused their homes. People were burned alive.

Yeah. Houses and people doused with kerosene and burned alive. Right. It was another story of a blind beggar who was tied to a car and dragged through the streets. I mean, it was just bedlam. And Watchmen actually gets pretty graphic in how they depict this, even though it's an alternate history show,

just like the movie and the graphic novel were. They, I think they did pretty decent justice. They didn't follow the origin story of how it started, but it just plays heavily into the plotline. Right. Yeah. Yeah. Should we take another break? Sure.

All right. Let's take another break and we'll tell you what happened from here. For so many people living with an autoimmune condition, the emotional toll is as real as the physical symptoms. Starting this May, join host, Martine Hackett for Season 3 of Untold Stories, Life with a Severe Autoimmune Condition, a Ruby Studio Production and Partnership with Arginics. From myasthenia gravis, or MG, to chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, also known as CIDP, Untold Stories highlights the realities of navigating life with these conditions from challenges to triumphs. known as CIDP, Untold Stories highlights the realities of navigating life with these conditions,

from challenges to triumphs. In this season, Martine and her guests discuss the range of emotions that accompany each stage of the journey. Whether it's the anxiety of misdiagnosis or the relief of finding support in community, nothing is off limits. And while each story is unique, the hope they inspire is shared by all. Listen to Untold Stories, Life with a Severe Auto-Immune Condition on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.

Well, no one, the Olympics are underway. It's useless to talk about it as a thing that's happening in the future when it's happening in the present. It's happening now and what's happening now is our podcast, Two Guys Five Rings is a phenomenon. And while real medals are being handed out in Paris, we're giving out our fake medals here. Two Guys Five Rings, Matt Bowen and the Olympics. Who are we watching in this Olympic Games? I mean, I'm watching Simone Biles. I'm watching her go higher and higher and higher with every bounce. Sha'Carri's about to run faster than you or I or anyone has ever seen. I'm ready for the girls and the boys and everybody under the San River. Under the San, over the San, within the waters of the San, all of them. Follow the show on the Welcome to Good Game with Sarah Spain, your one-stop shop for the biggest stories in women's

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Join us. Let's have some fun. Listen to Good Game with Sarah Spain on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Welcome to The CINO Show. I'm your host, CINO McFarlane. I'm an addiction specialist. I'm a coach, I'm a translator, and I'm God's middle man.

My job is to crack hearts and let the light in and help everyone shift the narrative. Whether you're get down to sex, drugs, alcohol, love addiction, self-hate, codependency, or anything else of that matter. I want to help you wake up and I want to help you get free. I want to help you unleash your potential, overcome obstacles, and achieve your goals. Most importantly, I don't want you to feel alone. So join me on The CNO Show, where each week we'll feature a compelling individual with an even more noteworthy story that will be sure to inspire and educate.

Listen to The CNO Show every Wednesday on iHeart radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. ["The Last Supper"] Okay, so we actually took a commercial break in the midst of a massacre. So the thing is like people are being driven out of their houses and shot in some cases, but more often than not, they're being like just flushed out.

But no house, no building, no business, no nothing was spared. The intent of these white terrorists, there's really no other name for them, was to burn down Greenwood. Yeah, the firefighters were kept at bay. Yeah, they said, do not come in here. Like the rioters will kill you.

Yeah. Just stay away. They burned Greenwood to the ground. 35 blocks. 35 blocks. Do you know how many blocks that is? That's a lot of blocks. Think about how many blocks is 35 blocks.

And then add like 10, because I guarantee your conception is less than actually 35 blocks. That is a lot of blocks of buildings burned to the ground. People killed in their front yards, including Dr. Andrew C. Jackson, the famous surgeon, shot like a dog in his own front yard in the chest. There's a picture of him. 1200 homes, churches, schools, hospital, library. I think I mentioned there were 600 businesses total.

They were all torched. Just torched. There were six people who owned airplanes. They were that wealthy in Greenwood. Their airplanes were stolen by the rioters and used to drop bombs, dynamite, nitroglycerin, fire. And then there was also accusations that the National Guard was helping coordinate this too. Yeah, the National Guard was called in and when they got there by all accounts, they

did not try to help quell the riot. They more acted as helping to arrest black men. Well, that's just historical fact. Oh yeah. They were bringing in, I mean, they were killing people for sure, but they were also arresting black men. The women and children fled. I think 6,000 people were arrested. And the women and children fled toward the woods basically. Right. Like leaving behind everything they owned. Who were homeless. There was 10,000 people who lived in Greenwood at the time, and after this one night, this orgy of violence, there were like 9,000 left homeless and hundreds dead.

Yeah. And apparently back to the National Guard, they said that they brought in planes just to spot fires and coordinate ground security. But there are reports from people there that said that, no, they were actually shooting at people on the ground. Right. Say that that's a rumor. Yeah. Even setting that aside, the National Guard didn't come in and quell anything. They just started arresting and detaining the victims of this massacre.

That was the role that they played in this situation. That's right. So, the whole thing culminates with, I mean, in the end, it's really hard to get the amount of people killed. I think the official report says 35 black people. It's certainly way more than that. I've seen all the way up to 300. That's what I saw is almost across the board is 300.

Yeah. That, again, might be one of those things that everyone just sort of settled on a number. But it was not 35 people, to be sure. No, definitely not. And so, like, as the sun comes up the day after, I think June 1st, Greenwood burned to the ground. There's people hiding in the woods. Thousands and thousands of former affluent residents of this black community are now homeless.

Well, no, they're not homeless because the National Guard has very kindly put them in detention centers at the fairgrounds. That doesn't qualify as a home. Right, that's my point. Is that it's not a home, right? They're kept detained at the fairgrounds for months. I saw that in some cases,

most of them had to endure the winter. This happened in May. Yeah. These people were still, a lot of them, kept in detention camps at the fairgrounds through the winter. Yeah, Tulsa winters and summers are both tough. They were kept in detention camps because white rioters burned their town to the ground. Yeah, and this was in June, so. Right. Do the math. Right, so, yeah, it was June,

I guess it was the end of May. So the way that you got out of these detention centers was your white employer came and vouched for you and said, this person works for me, I need him back. Yeah. Please let him go. That's how you got out. Yeah, so in the aftermath, no one was arrested,

there were no prosecutions. No, no, I'm sorry, Chuck. There was a grand jury that was sat or convened. They indicted 20 people. All of them were black. Well, no more white. Yeah, that's I meant on the white side. Okay.

There were in today's dollars between 50 and 100 million dollars worth of damage. Everywhere I look said the only organization that really helped and they really helped was the American Red Cross. Super brave and did a whole lot. And I also saw where, you know, it wasn't the entire city of Tulsa. Apparently there were some white communities that reached out in the aftermath to help with the recovery efforts, to take people in. So we don't want to paint the entire town as doing the wrong thing.

Apparently, some people did step up. Sure. I mean, just nothing is that literally black and white. Yeah. You know, like there's always shades of gray in that situation, in any situation. Yeah, but Greenwood came back. It's probably not a surprise, but the insurance companies had it classified very quickly as a riot instead of just a violent massacre because that mean they wouldn't have to compensate

people for their homes being, businesses being burned to the ground. Right, because if they were rioting, then they were culpable for that damage and the insurance company went after them. Exactly, just despicable. Yeah, so also despicable, the county commission said, no, we're not accepting any outside donations, we'll take care of our own. And then didn't, didn't follow through on that at all. So there were no funds paid to the Greenwood people.

And people were trying to. Right, as reparations or to even help them rebuild. And the County Commission, I guess, proposed at one point that they would handle this by buying the land for like a fraction of its market value and then auctioning it off to the highest bidder. That was one proposal. That old scam. And they also said, well, you know what, just to make sure that this doesn't happen again, we're going to establish a new building code for Greenwood. No building can be rebuilt unless it's built with fireproof bricks.

And then they went to the fireproof brick producers and said, do not sell any materials to the black people of Greenwood. So despite this, they managed to rebuild in about five years. Astoundingly, the people whose houses in town was burned to the ground came back and rebuilt. And from just about everything I read, Greenwood was actually better, more prosperous, and more affluent from the second time around

than it was even the first. And it was pretty affluent the first time. And Chuck, we said like hundreds of people were killed, right? Yes. So get this. Funerals were forbidden. Like you weren't allowed to have a funeral. That's how covered up this thing became.

And one of the reasons we'll never know how many people were killed is because the people who were killed were taken off and dumped in the river or stashed in coal mines or buried in mass unmarked graves. Well, they think they found two of those like a month ago. Yeah. There were archaeologists in Tulsa, and this was from Time Magazine from Jasmine Aguilera.

They have identified two sites that they think now are mass graves. And they've been looking since I think 2001 because they knew people, you know, there were reports of mass graves. And so archaeologists have been looking since I think 2001 because they knew people, you know, there were reports of mass graves and so archaeologists have been looking. And in 2018, they started like a legit investigation and they think that they have found one, at least one, maybe two of these sites. But even like- Which is in a cemetery ironically. Yeah, I saw that.

But even this whole thing is like fairly new. It wasn't like until the late 90s that people even started talking about this, right? Yeah, 1997 was when the state of Oklahoma introduced a bill. And this was after just not talking about it. No. In the black community, they would talk about it in stories and whispers. The white community just buried it. And the state of Oklahoma just didn't acknowledge it. Yeah, the last thing I saw about it was the Tulsa Tribune ran another editorial on like June 4th, a few days after, basically saying like,

Lynching failed. Thank you, no, they said thank you to the police and all the white citizens who cleaned up Tulsa by getting rid of Greenwood. It's actually way worse than what I just depicted, but I couldn't possibly bring myself to read it verbatim. It's just vile, what it says. It's really bad. But in 97 is when they introduced a bill for reparations and creation of the Tulsa Race Riot Commission, and that report was released in 2001. And it did hold police and public officials to blame,

but it didn't do anything basically. There were no reparations. As for Dick Rowland, the case was, the actual case, remember the case of the assault? That was dismissed in September. Apparently Sarah Page didn't want to press forward with charges. And she's lost the time. He supposedly immediately moved to Kansas City, maybe,

and no one else really knows anything else about him. That's just so surprising. Yeah. And if not for the Watchmen coming out, this might still be a fairly buried story outside of Oklahoma. Yeah, right. It's really brought a lot of attention to it. Yeah, and good for them for doing that. this might still be a fairly buried story outside of Oklahoma. It's really brought a lot of attention to it. Yeah, and good for them for doing that.

So, one of the things I saw about Greenwood itself is that it kept prospering and flourishing for decades after this, until about the 60s. And one of the reasons I saw that explained why not just Greenwood, but a lot of black areas started to decline in the 60s was a byproduct of integration was that you could as a black person in America spend your black dollar at a white owned business. Right. And like they don't they didn't teach us that in public school

like this was a byproduct of it. But as a result these these blackowned businesses started to decline more and more and more. And so Greenwood wasn't as prosperous as it was before, but the death blow, the death blow is that, remember in our interstates episode, where in a lot of the poorer areas, a lot of the areas of color, that that's where they built the highways? I saw that. They built I-244 right through Greenwood.

Yeah. Tulsa's an interesting place. I spent a few weeks there a few years ago. And it's interesting because it's got this old oil money neighborhoods, some of the most amazing estates and houses I've ever seen. It's got some very poor communities, a lot of meth problems. It's an interesting place. It sounds like it.

Yeah. Well, that's Tulsa for you. And you know what? I spent a few weeks there in this neighborhood and I didn't know anything about it. I didn't, maybe there is a memorial or something, but I didn't notice it. I'm not saying there isn't one, but I didn't see it. So you know Desmond Tutu? Sure. Who helped bring about the changeover from apartheid to reconciliation.

I love his work. He came, yeah, big fan. He came to Tulsa and basically said, you guys are sitting on a power cake here. When was this? Not very long ago, I think maybe in the 90s. Maybe even in the 2000s. Just basically saying, how could you possibly heal when you still have bodies in on-mark graves?

No one's talking about this still. I believe there is a park that they found, like a reconciliation park or something like that, but it sounds like there's still a ways to go. Wouldn't it be ironic that it was Watchmen that basically is forcing this issue to be discussed? It would be pretty ironic. The power of comic books. Well, not even TV, I guess. Of graphic novels. Yes.

So if you want to know more about the Tulsa Massacre, also known as the Tulsa Race Riot of 1921, there's a lot for you to go read, thankfully, and you should. Just type that into your favorite search bar. Since I said that, it's time for listener mail. Hey guys, this email is mostly for Chuck. I need to get something off my chest and clear some things up about my involvement with your pronunciation of Carrie El-Ize, Elvis Elvis. Sometime over the summer, I made a comment in the Corrections Corner thread of Movie Crush on the Facebook page where you were pronouncing Carrie Elwise, Elwise.

I posted I had read on a Reddit AMA his name sounds like Elvis, but what I meant to say was it rhymes with Elvis. Is that why you said Carrie Elvis? Yeah, it's because of Eli. Way to go, Eli. He says this, when I finally heard my name pop up in the podcast, I was thrilled and couldn't wait to hear your reaction. Not only did my comment get understandably misunderstood, but I've heard you reference

the comment two or three times now and continue to correct yourself saying Elvis most recently on the Andre the Giant Live episode. Parenthetical, Josh said it right. I tried to issue another comment immediately afterward to clear the air, but it was too late. You discontinued Corrections Corner. I did. I was going to do that on Movie Crush and it just became like, you said this wrong and

you're inflection. And I was like- You said Kubrick was great. He was very great. Yeah, I was a minute as like Movie like movie corrections but you know how it goes so I just said no more of this you don't understand how something like this something as small has been tearing me apart inside every time I hear you reference it there's one thing worse than giving someone bad information is

having them proliferate that information out in the world in this case to millions of well not millions of people trillions I just want to apologize officially for correcting you on something so silly in Any way you want to say the name is fine by me as long as it's what do you say? Elvis Elvis I think Elvis. Thanks for the day. I don't know now Eli's gotten in my head, too Thanks for the decade of great content. I'll see you both in January in Seattle for my third live show. Nice. All the best, Eli.

It's Eli's third live show birthday. And I think it's pronounced Eli. Oh, it could be Ellie. Could be. Yeah, we're just gonna go with Eli though, okay? I think Ellie's E-L-L-I-E. It could be. I think Ellie Golding is something different

than that, isn't it? I don't know, isn't it? Or does she pronounce her name Eli? You do too. You've heard her pop songs before when you're working out. If you want to get in touch with us like Eli did to let us know we're saying something wrong because of you, well you can get in touch with us by going on to stuffyoushouldknow.com. And you can also send us an email. Send it off to stuffpodcastsatihartradio.com. or wherever you listen to your favorite shows. For so many people living with an autoimmune condition like myasthenia gravis or chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, the emotional toll can be as real as the physical

symptoms. That's why in an all-new season of Untold Stories, Life with a Severe Auto-Immune Condition from Ruby Studio and Argenics, host Martine Hackett gets to the heart of the emotional journey for individuals living with these conditions. To find community and inspiration on your journey, listen now on the iHeartRadio app, Apple podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Well, Bowen, the Olympics are underway. It's useless to talk about it as a thing that's happening in the future when it's happening in the present. And what's happening now is

our podcast, Two Guys, Five Rings is a phenomenon. Two Guys, Five Rings, Matt Bowen and the Olympics. Follow the show on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or your favorite podcast platform and watch and listen to every moment of the 2024 Paris Olympic Games now through August 11th on NBC and Peacock and for the first time ever on the iHeartRadio app. Welcome to Good Game with Sarah Spain, your one-stop shop for the biggest stories in women's sports. Every day I'm bringing you the stakes, stars, stats, and stories to keep you up to date. Good Game is where we go to celebrate, debate, and dissect the teamwork, competition, and

rivalries that we love to watch. Join us. Let's have some fun. Listen to Good Game with Sarah Spayne on the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Presented by Elf Beauty, founding partner of iHeart Women's Sports.