Stuff You Should Know - SYSK Selects: Lab-grown meat: Order up!

Episode Date: January 20, 2018

Since Winston Churchill predicted we'd grow meat in a lab by 1981, researchers have considered doing just that. And thanks to the current work of about 30 groups, we may be only years away from mass-p...roduced artificial meat. But will anyone eat it? Learn more about your ad-choices at https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.comSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

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Starting point is 00:00:00 On the podcast, Hey Dude, the 90s called, David Lasher and Christine Taylor, stars of the cult classic show, Hey Dude, bring you back to the days of slip dresses and choker necklaces. We're gonna use Hey Dude as our jumping off point, but we are going to unpack and dive back into the decade of the 90s.
Starting point is 00:00:17 We lived it, and now we're calling on all of our friends to come back and relive it. Listen to Hey Dude, the 90s called on the iHeart radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Hey, I'm Lance Bass, host of the new iHeart podcast, Frosted Tips with Lance Bass. Do you ever think to yourself, what advice would Lance Bass
Starting point is 00:00:37 and my favorite boy bands give me in this situation? If you do, you've come to the right place because I'm here to help. And a different hot, sexy teen crush boy bander each week to guide you through life. Tell everybody, ya everybody, about my new podcast and make sure to listen so we'll never, ever have to say. Bye, bye, bye.
Starting point is 00:00:57 Listen to Frosted Tips with Lance Bass on the iHeart radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to podcasts. Hey everybody, it's me, Josh, and for this week's SYSK Selects, I'm choosing the episode on Lab Grown Meat. It first aired in December, 2012. And it's good to check in on these things.
Starting point is 00:01:16 We've made some progress in the field, true, but we still have a very long way to go before there's a lab-grown slab of meat in every pot, in every house in America. So let's step it up, people. And also, keep an ear out for Gabor Forgax, such an excellent name that actually rivals Gancho Ganev as the possible future name for my horse.
Starting point is 00:01:39 Enjoy. Welcome to Stuff You Should Know from HowStuffWorks.com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark with me, as always, is Charles W. Chuck Bryant. And this here is Stuff You Should Know, the podcast. Welcome.
Starting point is 00:02:00 Bienvenue. Welcome. What is that from? The producers. Oh, I don't know. Cabaret. Is that from something? Yeah.
Starting point is 00:02:11 I don't know. I don't know. I don't know. I don't know. I don't know. I don't know. I don't know. I think maybe Cabaret.
Starting point is 00:02:19 I've never seen it. I don't know. I just was saying welcome in different languages. So you're feeling good right now? I'm feeling better now that we have gotten the condom podcast out of the way. I was a little bit sweaty during that one. Oh, really?
Starting point is 00:02:34 Got me all worked up. So now we can talk about lab-grown meat. What a great one-two punch. Jerry's giggling. We are talking lab-grown meat, man. We're talking about possibly the future of humanity or what the future of humanity will eat. And this has kind of been a big thing ever since 2001,
Starting point is 00:02:58 which we'll get to in a second. Let's flash forward by flashing back to 2008 when PETA, the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, posted a $1 million reward to the first researcher that could come up with lab-grown, a.k.a. in vitro, a.k.a. cultured meat that was commercially viable, meaning it was for sale within 10 states by June 30, 2012. That didn't happen.
Starting point is 00:03:28 No, it didn't happen. But PETA is very excited because they said in October 2012, the first taste test of in vitro hamburger took place. And I think we know who that was, don't we? Was that the man? I believe it was. A guy named Gabor Forgax.
Starting point is 00:03:46 Yeah, that's a funny name. But he is one of the leaders in the lab-grown meat industry. He's basically one of two. There is a Bill Gates and a Steve Jobs in the in vitro meat game. And Gabor Forgax, I take it, is the Steve Jobs. Yeah, he's from the University of Missouri. And he's a tissue engineering specialist.
Starting point is 00:04:08 And he has a company called Modern Meadows. Great name. It's one of the better company names I've heard of in my life. Yeah, it really fits. It's not too clever. I hate the ones that are too, like, nod-no-winky, you know? Right.
Starting point is 00:04:23 Like robo-cow? Yeah. Is that another one? No, I just made it. Oh, see? That's awful. That's great. I channeled my inner John Strickland.
Starting point is 00:04:31 That's very good. I just pictured Strickland just sticking his head in the door and saying robo-cow. So anyway, Modern Meadows is his company. And their aim is to get this stuff tasty enough and cheap enough to make it a viable solution for either people who want to eat meat, but have reasons to not, or to help solve the impending hunger crisis.
Starting point is 00:04:58 Not impending. It's kind of already here. Right. And apparently, it may not have been Forgax. It could have been, I don't know. But Forgax definitely did a taste test himself earlier. And in 2011, he went to a Ted Med conference and talked about his synthetic meat
Starting point is 00:05:15 and then ate some on stage, which is kind of weird, because it's like, yeah, it's kind of weird. It's like, I mean, I guess if you were, like, hawking hot dogs or something, you would eat them in public. Sure. So that's not that odd, as it seems, at first blush. It sounds a little bit of a Carnival Barker feel to that, though.
Starting point is 00:05:34 They say that every great scientist is one part BF Skinner, one part PT Barnum. Oh, yeah. Well, that's what Principal Skinner said. Oh, really? Yeah, on The Simpsons. Yeah, no. That's good.
Starting point is 00:05:46 That's good saying, though. I like it. Yeah. The other, the Bill Gates, or was that the Bill Gates? I think Forgax is Steve Jobs. OK, so the Bill Gates is Markey Post from Night Court, from TV's Night Court. Right.
Starting point is 00:05:58 Oh, no, Mark Post. Yeah. From Maastricht University, which is in the Netherlands. Right, it's like these two universities get their researchers swapped. Seriously. Mark Post is in the Netherlands, and Gabor Forgax is in the University of Missouri.
Starting point is 00:06:14 That's so weird. It is weird. Maybe they did an exchange program or something. So Post is a vascular physiologist, and they say that they're not competing. No, and if you look at their stuff, they're coming up with two very different means to the same end eventually.
Starting point is 00:06:32 But who knows? Maybe they're friends. I would imagine it's a pretty small community, the synthetic meat community. Yeah, they're probably on each other's speed dial, I bet. Right, and there's supposedly only about 30 groups working on this right now. But what's mind boggling is just how much of an impact,
Starting point is 00:06:49 a breakthrough, a real breakthrough. And by breakthrough, it was like you were saying, Forgax said, you have to get it cheap, and you have to get it tasty. And then you have to get the public to eat it. But how much of a real breakthrough that would be if someone were able to do that? It would be tremendous and potentially solve a lot
Starting point is 00:07:07 of problems that are impending. So this idea is not new, the idea of creating lab-grown meat. The Churchill thing? Yeah. You don't think that's exactly what we're talking about? Oh, I guess so. Plus it's Winston Churchill.
Starting point is 00:07:22 He's one of the coolest people of all time. That's true. In 1931, before he was a prime minister, Churchill predicted that by 1981, quote, we shall escape the absurdity of growing a whole chicken in order to eat the breast or wing by growing these parts separately under a suitable medium. Right.
Starting point is 00:07:40 And he was off roughly by 20 years. Not bad. No. And he may have meant mass produced, like we'd be doing that by then in 50 years. In 2001, 20 years after his prediction, or the deadline of his prediction, a guy from Tuoro College, I've never heard of them.
Starting point is 00:08:03 I don't know, New York Tuoro College, T-O-U-R-O. Never heard of it either. Well, his name is Morris Benjaminson. His dad's name is Benjamin. He came up with this idea to take goldfish muscle, cut fresh out of alive goldfish. Yeah. This is pretty bad for the goldfish.
Starting point is 00:08:22 Sure. And then thrown into a vat of nutrient-rich fetal bovine serum, which is, wow. I wonder why he's goldfish. That's what I don't get. Why didn't he use, like, tilapia or something someone might want to eat? I don't know.
Starting point is 00:08:36 Maybe that was the only thing that was handy. So it was an office goldfish. He brought it in in his little plastic bag. Yeah. Wow. And instead of eating it live for his fraternity prank, he grew some more. He actually grew 14% more of what
Starting point is 00:08:53 he put into this fetal bovine serum. Yep, these cells divided. Yep. They were live, which is big. But the serum coaxed it in it, continuing to divide. And again, formed 14% more mass than was originally introduced. More mass, or did you write this? No, this is Patrick Keiger.
Starting point is 00:09:12 As Patrick puts it, 14% worth of additional flesh on the chunks. Yeah. I like your, I like mass better than flesh on the chunks. Flesh on the chunks is good. That's a good band name. Yes, it is. So this guy has this bit, and he's like, holy cow, it worked.
Starting point is 00:09:30 Let's eat it. So he tried to. He started to fry it up with a bit of lemon, olive oil, and garlic, and pepper, right? Yeah, makes great sense. And no one would eat it. I would have tried it. I would have, too.
Starting point is 00:09:44 Actually, I don't know if I would have tried goldfish if it would have been something else. Goldfish is still a big turn off. On the podcast, Hey Dude, the 90s, called David Lasher and Christine Taylor, stars of the cult classic show, Hey Dude, bring you back to the days of slip dresses and choker necklaces.
Starting point is 00:10:15 We're going to use Hey Dude as our jumping off point, but we are going to unpack and dive back into the decade of the 90s. We lived it, and now we're calling on all of our friends to come back and relive it. It's a podcast packed with interviews, co-stars, friends, and non-stop references to the best decade ever.
Starting point is 00:10:33 Do you remember going to Blockbuster? Do you remember Nintendo 64? Do you remember getting Frosted Tips? Was that a cereal? No, it was hair. Do you remember AOL Instant Messenger and the dial-up sound like poltergeist? So leave a code on your best friend's beeper,
Starting point is 00:10:46 because you'll want to be there when the nostalgia starts flowing. Each episode will rival the feeling of taking out the cartridge from your Game Boy, blowing on it, and popping it back in, as we take you back to the 90s. Listen to Hey Dude, the 90s, called on the iHeart radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.
Starting point is 00:11:04 Hey, I'm Lance Bass, host of the new iHeart podcast, Frosted Tips with Lance Bass. The hardest thing can be knowing who to turn to when questions arise or times get tough, or you're at the end of the road. Ah, OK, I see what you're doing. Do you ever think to yourself, what advice would Lance Bass and my favorite boy bands give me in this situation?
Starting point is 00:11:22 If you do, you've come to the right place, because I'm here to help. This, I promise you. Oh, god. Seriously, I swear. And you won't have to send an SOS, because I'll be there for you. Oh, man.
Starting point is 00:11:34 And so will my husband, Michael. Um, hey, that's me. Yeah, we know that, Michael. And a different hot, sexy teen crush boy bander each week to guide you through life, step by step. Oh, not another one. Kids, relationships, life in general, can get messy. You may be thinking, this is the story of my life.
Starting point is 00:11:50 Just stop now. If so, tell everybody, yeah, everybody, about my new podcast, and make sure to listen, so we'll never, ever have to say bye, bye, bye. Listen to Frosted Tips with Lance Bass on the iHeart radio app, Apple podcast, or wherever you listen to podcasts. So his initial thought was this could be great for astronauts if they could eat goldfish or, I guess, fake meat out in space.
Starting point is 00:12:34 That was his original thought, was astronaut use. Isn't that what everybody thinks whenever you think of something made in the lab that normally nature produces? It's like, oh, well, astronauts will go bonkers for this. Yeah. Well, apparently, Benjamins had the same idea, like you said. But as news of this got out, PETA and other animal rights
Starting point is 00:12:54 organizations were like, whoa, whoa, wait, what did you just do? We are full supporters of this idea. Yeah. Because again, people for the ethical treatment of animals, the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, when you eat a steak, when you eat pork or bacon or ham, all these things come from an animal. It's often lovable animal.
Starting point is 00:13:22 But people still like to eat them. People still get nutrients from them. So if you take the idea that an animal, a live-sentient animal, suffered and died so that you could eat it and still eat it, man, that's the bonanza right there. It is. For at least for people who object to eating meat out of cruelty.
Starting point is 00:13:45 And still want to eat meat. Object on the grounds of cruelty to eating meat. Yeah, good. In 2008, in Norway, they had a conference, the first time ever, on TestTube Meat. And they released a study saying, you know what? We could potentially manufacture this stuff for $5,000 a ton, which would make it competitive on an economic
Starting point is 00:14:06 basis with real meat. By 2012, which is right now, there are about 30 different research teams working on this. But like we said, I get the feeling that post in Igor, what was his name? Gabor. Gabor. Forgax.
Starting point is 00:14:21 Forgax are definitely the leading edge. And I did a little calculating here, Chuck, if you don't mind. I found how much it cost in Illinois in 2007 to raise a pound of beef. And it was something like $0.65 a pound, which that's how much it cost to raise it. Right about now, it's about $2.88 a pound for ground beef retail.
Starting point is 00:14:48 Let's think a markup of like 4.5 times, roughly, right? Is that for Chuck or are we just talking? I'm just. OK. Yeah. Gotcha. This is just rough back of the envelope kind of stuff. If you took that $5,000 a ton in vitro meat figure,
Starting point is 00:15:09 and that's how much it cost to manufacture it, and then also did that same 4.5 time markup, you come to about $11 a pound, which is pretty competitive. Yeah. Because I mean, think about it, you're paying that much for filet, right? Well, yeah. But if this were marketed correctly,
Starting point is 00:15:27 it would seem even cooler than filet. Sure. Especially if it tasted good. Yeah, and people pay a lot of money for Kobe beef. Yeah. Most times they're not even getting Kobe beef, you know, about that whole thing. Right.
Starting point is 00:15:38 It's a big, a lot of times, it's a big scam. I could see that. Because I mean, who knows? There's probably a handful of people in the world who could differentiate the taste of Kobe beef from other beef. Yeah, exactly. Even like really renowned restaurants are serving what they call Kobe beef for a lot of money,
Starting point is 00:15:53 it's not Kobe beef. That is messed up. It is messed up. That's like a lobster. Lobster, the price of lobster is like in the basement right now. Yeah. And restaurants are still charging as much as ever for it and making tons of money.
Starting point is 00:16:06 But the lobster men are just getting like the short end of the stick because there's a huge supply of them right now. Yeah, but in lobster, one of those where they usually don't say market price on the menu, isn't it usually like just straight up whatever? It'll say market price, even if it does, and they're still charging you a bunch. Like what market price used to be when the price of lobster
Starting point is 00:16:24 actually was high? I wonder if you could come in with some numbers and say, no, no, no, that's not market price. Apparently, you can argue with just about anybody. Really? Yeah, and often win. You know, our buddy Julie was in Maine. She vacations in Maine some.
Starting point is 00:16:39 And she said they're like giving her lobsters on her last trip. Yeah. Like here's 20 lobsters. Like we don't want them to go to waste. Right. Julie, stuff blow your mind? No, Julie Smith.
Starting point is 00:16:50 Oh, OK, yeah. Our producer. Yeah, there you go. We have TV. Yes, it's because there's like a huge boom in the lobster population. Yeah, man. I love a lobster roll.
Starting point is 00:17:01 Boy, we got really off track here. All right. So there's synthetic lobster. It's actually cod, right? Oh, that stuff. Imitation crab meat? Yeah, that's not synthetic, though. A lot of imitation.
Starting point is 00:17:14 Yeah, imitation. Big difference. All right, so the Dutch team, headed by Marquee Post, they are using cow stem cells to create this meat. So they culture the stem cell, little petri dishes, put it in a small container to produce muscle cells. Sounds kind of gross. And they form little small pieces of muscle,
Starting point is 00:17:38 about two centimeters long, centimeter wide, and a millimeter thick. And they say that it looks a little more like calamari than any kind of a hamburger. And the taste initially is pretty bland. Right. And the reason the taste is bland is because it's missing a lot of essential ingredients
Starting point is 00:17:54 to meat. Like blood? Blood, fat. Yeah, blood veins. And it's not just muscle cells, but muscle fibers that you're eating. And do you know that it was only within the last couple months that I realized meat, steak, is muscle mass?
Starting point is 00:18:11 Yeah. They told me that. You were shocked back then. And I was like, what did you think it was? I hadn't really thought of it. I thought it was its own thing. Like there's fat, muscle, meat. And then steak.
Starting point is 00:18:20 Yeah, like that's really what I thought. And then I suddenly just, I don't know why I was thinking about it. I think I wanted a steak, so I was thinking about a steak and I thought too hard. Yeah. And all of a sudden realized what a steak was. Right.
Starting point is 00:18:33 But yeah, so it's not just this muscle. It's muscle fibers. It's fat. It's blood. It's like all of this stuff comes together. And they're going to have to really lick that before they can make this stuff commercially viable. Absolutely.
Starting point is 00:18:47 And one of the ideas that Modern Meadow is using is to use a 3D printer to spray what they call bioink, which is muscle cells and stuff like that to build up. They spray many layers of this stuff to build it up into a more viable meat option. Which is pretty cool. 3D printers, pretty awesome. Did you hear about Japan's photo booth?
Starting point is 00:19:10 They're opening the world's first 3D printing photo booth. So you go in and you come out with a little statue of you or you and your lady. That's cool. That's nice, yeah. Yeah, I would do that. Oh, totally. What would that cost?
Starting point is 00:19:23 I don't know, but I would guess a lot at first. Sort of like in vitro meat. All right, so what are the other hurdles here? It's tricky, like you said. It's a mix of fuel and salt and minerals and hormones. And this is just to grow the cells that are healthy enough to survive. Like that's not even talking about getting it to look like
Starting point is 00:19:46 a steak or a hamburger patty. Because like you said, it's not just, you know, it's a very complex group of stuff in there. It's not just like muscle, and that's it. And it's extremely expensive right now. I think we kind of touched upon. But Mark Post said that his hamburger, the first one that he would ever make, would cost about $350,000.
Starting point is 00:20:10 But he's looking for a celebrity chef to cook it to kind of drum up business. And Gabor Fogax, right, that's his last name? Forgac. Forgac. He was saying his modern meadow stuff would be between $57 and $180 bucks a pound, which like you said is competitive with Kobe.
Starting point is 00:20:29 Yeah, and Forgac sees this as, I don't think he sees it as like, hey, this is going to be the everyday solution. He sees it as a niche industry. He also said that his first product is more likely going to be leather, because it's not as regulated and it's a little easier to accept as for the public at large. He also was saying that as far as creating food goes, our imaginations immediately jumped to building a steak,
Starting point is 00:20:59 building a hamburger, building like a pork chop or something like that, right? He was saying probably the first stuff that we're going to see is going to be like flour. And he pointed out in this one CNN article, we read like, you don't eat flour, but flour isn't like everything that you eat. And he was saying like, this will be stuff to create
Starting point is 00:21:18 meatballs with or pate. It's like instead of taking a chicken and chopping it up and then using it in that pate, you would use it. More as an ingredient rather than like the steak on the plate. Exactly. At least for now. Makes sense.
Starting point is 00:21:38 This could potentially be a great thing for many reasons, but one of which is not the least of which is that lab grown meat would have about 78% to 96% fewer greenhouse gases, 99% less land, obviously, 82% to 96% less water, and 18% of the world's greenhouse emissions come from the livestock sector right now. And you know from what? Well, gas and gas.
Starting point is 00:22:08 Yeah, exactly. Two types of gas. Yeah. Like we have a big methane problem from cow, poop, and gas. And then all the gas used to obviously take care of the industry, petroleum that is. Plus it's also just a lot more energy efficient. We use 100 grams of grain to produce 15 grams of meat.
Starting point is 00:22:27 That's a 15% efficiency. Because what are you doing, Chuck, when you feed something, something, right? You take the energy found in a plant and feed it to an animal, so it's energy transfer, but you lose 85% apparently. They're thinking with lab grown meat, the energy efficiency will be like 50%.
Starting point is 00:22:47 That's awesome. Yeah. And some of the other costs to grow a pound of beef, regular beef, necessitates 2,500 gallons of water, 12 pounds of grain, 35 pounds of topsoil, and the equivalent energy-wise of one gallon of gas. To grow a pound of meat. Just one pound of ground beef.
Starting point is 00:23:04 Right. So you've got a lot of people abstaining from eating meat because of the animal cruelty aspect. You have a lot of people saying it's just socially irresponsible to eat meat. And then you have people who, well, I guess that's it, right? That's the only reason people don't eat meat. Yeah, or people like my wife who don't like the taste.
Starting point is 00:23:26 Oh, OK. Well, this is not going to appeal to her at all, though. No, no, no. But you were saying like this environment or ecological consumption that it takes to create a pound of meat, apparently they think that meat production is going to have to double in the next 40 years because of increasing incomes around the world.
Starting point is 00:23:46 Typically when your GDP goes up, your consumption of meat goes through the roof. And China and India are on the way up, and they're thinking that meat is going to get in higher demand. Well, yeah, and there's just not enough land. Like right now, I think it said 70% of dry land on the earth is used for either grazing or some factor of livestock, 70%.
Starting point is 00:24:11 So what are you going to do? There's not that much more land left to just use for cattle. Well, what they would do is the price of meat would just go up and up and up. Yeah, it would just become more scarce, I guess. Yeah, until this leaves. But as the price of meat rises, the economic sensibility of lab-grown meat will become more viable, you know?
Starting point is 00:24:33 True. Because I mean, right now, one of the things is so cost-prohibitive, aside from the fact that it looks like calamari and it tastes bland. Yeah, they said it potentially could be healthier too. Jason Mathini, director of New Harvest, is a non-profit research org. And they said that it would have health advantages, like
Starting point is 00:24:51 because it's easier to control pathogens in a lab. And fat content could be systematically controlled, making it healthier. Like we're going to put this layer of fat in with our 3D printer? Because you need the fat. That's where a lot of the flavor comes from. Definitely.
Starting point is 00:25:05 You've got to have fat. And then you just got to convince people, once it gets cheap enough and tasty enough, like you said, the third hurdle is to eat fake meat, people. You'll like it, trust me. I think the big lesson is to not call it something like soiling green. Modern meadows is perfect.
Starting point is 00:25:25 Yeah. I wonder what a post the name of his group is. I didn't see it, did you? I don't know. I would taste this just if I wouldn't pay $300,000 for a hamburger. But I would taste it just to see what it tasted like. But I don't know.
Starting point is 00:25:42 It sounds kind of gross to me. I would try it. But a lot of people say that eating meat is gross. They sure do. So before you send in those emails, let me cut you off. I understand that. Good going, Chuck. Heading stuff with Joshua and Charles, stuff you should know.
Starting point is 00:26:07 On the podcast, Hey Dude, the 90s called David Lasher and Christine Taylor, stars of the cult classic show, Hey Dude, bring you back to the days of slip dresses and choker necklaces. We're going to use Hey Dude as our jumping off point. But we are going to unpack and dive back into the decade of the 90s. We lived it, and now we're calling on all of our friends
Starting point is 00:26:27 to come back and relive it. It's a podcast packed with interviews, co-stars, friends, and nonstop references to the best decade ever. Do you remember going to Blockbuster? Do you remember Nintendo 64? Do you remember getting Frosted Tips? Was that a cereal? No, it was hair.
Starting point is 00:26:43 Do you remember AOL Instant Messenger and the dial-up sound like poltergeist? So leave a code on your best friend's beeper, because you'll want to be there when the nostalgia starts flowing. Each episode will rival the feeling of taking out the cartridge from your Game Boy, blowing on it and popping it back in,
Starting point is 00:26:58 as we take you back to the 90s. Listen to Hey Dude, the 90s, called on the iHeart radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Hey, I'm Lance Bass, host of the new iHeart podcast, Frosted Tips with Lance Bass. The hardest thing can be knowing who to turn to when questions arise or times get tough, or you're at the end of the road.
Starting point is 00:27:19 OK, I see what you're doing. Do you ever think to yourself, what advice would Lance Bass and my favorite boy bands give me in this situation? If you do, you've come to the right place, because I'm here to help. This, I promise you. Oh, god.
Starting point is 00:27:31 Seriously, I swear. And you won't have to send an SOS, because I'll be there for you. Oh, man. And so will my husband, Michael. Um, hey, that's me. Yeah, we know that, Michael. And a different hot, sexy teen crush boy bander
Starting point is 00:27:43 each week to guide you through life, step by step. Oh, not another one. Kids, relationships, life in general, can get messy. You may be thinking, this is the story of my life. Just stop now. If so, tell everybody, yeah, everybody, about my new podcast and make sure to listen so we'll never, ever have to say bye, bye, bye.
Starting point is 00:28:04 Listen to Frosted Tips with Lance Bass on the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to podcasts. If you want to learn more about lab-grown meter and any kind of things like that, you should check out the Innovations channel on HowStuffWorks. It's pretty awesome. Go to HowStuffWorks homepage, and you
Starting point is 00:28:35 will see in the top navigation bar, Innovations is one of the channels that we have. Click on that. Or you can just search for lab-grown meat in the handy search bar, HowStuffWorks. And I said handy search bar, which means it's time for listener mail. Josh and I call this mentorship email.
Starting point is 00:28:54 Hi, guys. My name is Colin. And I've been listening to you guys since the Viking episode. I've never really been diligent with emails, but I always wanted to write in. I'm in my senior year of high school and involved in a class called Independent Study Mentorship. This program works like an internship for high school
Starting point is 00:29:10 students. We're responsible for finding a mentor in whichever career field we are interested in. We do hands-on work with our mentors. And throughout the year, we compile a portfolio that will eventually be a binder filled not with women, but with everything we take part in and research throughout the year.
Starting point is 00:29:27 It will end up about as thick as a good-sized dictionary or two. My whole reason for writing you guys is to thank you for doing the podcast. I've been able to get by without research for about a dozen or so topics for essays and projects because you guys usually cover far more than my school curriculum does. I've even been moved up to several advanced classes.
Starting point is 00:29:48 Wow. Thanks to you. Keep on doing what you're doing. It's great. And if I happen to get a mention at the end of an episode, I'd be pleasantly surprised. I've always kind of wanted to mention. There you go, Colin.
Starting point is 00:29:59 That's all you need to do is ask. Yeah, well, you have to ask and excel at school because of us. Yes, and he says, feel free to mention my name if you find this worth mentioning. And yes, I did say y'all because I'm from Texas. And everyone from Texas is required to inform everyone else that they are from Texas. That's true.
Starting point is 00:30:15 Is it? Oh, yeah. All right, well, Colin from Texas, good luck with your mentorship, buddy. And I think it's in marketing, he said. And drop us a line. Let us know how it went. That's awesome.
Starting point is 00:30:28 Let's see, what do you want to ask for, Chuck? Oh, would you eat in vitro meat? Let's get that debate going, huh? Sure, and you know what, we're going to cover factory farming because I got a lot of heat because I went off on bullfighting and a lot of vegetarians said, well, how can you go off on bullfighting and eat meat? So I'm going to make up for that by doing
Starting point is 00:30:50 like a factory farming podcast. Well, it's great. Can I do it too? You can sit in. You can tweet to us at syskpodcast. You can join us on facebook.com slash stuff you should know. And you can send us a good old-fashioned email to stuffpodcast at discovery.com.
Starting point is 00:31:14 For more on this and thousands of other topics, visit howstuffworks.com. On the podcast, hey dude, the 90s called David Lasher and Christine Taylor, stars of the cult classic show, Hey Dude, bring you back to the days of slipdresses and choker necklaces. We're going to use Hey Dude as our jumping off point, but we are going to unpack and dive back
Starting point is 00:31:42 into the decade of the 90s. We lived it, and now we're calling on all of our friends to come back and relive it. Listen to Hey Dude, the 90s called on the iHeart radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Hey, I'm Lance Bass, host of the new iHeart podcast, The Frosted Tips with Lance Bass. Do you ever think to yourself,
Starting point is 00:32:02 what advice would Lance Bass and my favorite boy bands give me in this situation? If you do, you've come to the right place because I'm here to help. And a different hot, sexy teen crush boy bander each week to guide you through life. Tell everybody, ya everybody, about my new podcast and make sure to listen so we'll never, ever have to say.
Starting point is 00:32:22 Bye, bye, bye. Listen to Frosted Tips with Lance Bass on the iHeart radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to podcasts.

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